Friday, January 12, 2018

World Theater Traditions: Early Reflection

I have really enjoyed getting the chance to examine all of these different forms of theatre so far. I had heard of Rokugo in particular before after watching a video on YouTube about a current anime based around the art form, and from what little I could glean in that video, I was intrigued. Having to act out multiple characters using just your voice and limited body movements seems like it would be a really fun challenge to take on. Right now, it’s at the top of my list of world teacher traditions that I would like to study for this project. However, after our previous unit on Julie Taymor, I have also gained a greater appreciation for theater involving puppetry. 
It’s interesting to see how varied these theater traditions are, while still sharing some similarities. For example, I thought it was cool that multiple cultures have their own popular form of shadow puppet theater. Another thing I did not exactly expect going in was how each tradition seemed to be tied to a specific kind of show (comedy, tragedy, etc.). Going in, I had thought of these traditions as just forms, without considering how themes and tone tend to arise from the form the story is being told in. 
When comparing these traditions to the kinds of shows I have watched and performed in over the years, there are certainly some that feel more familiar than others. Traditions like Kyogen are not too much more extreme than the kind of comedy-focused plays that I have seen. On the other hand, I found the Kathakali performance I watched on YouTube to be pretty out there, having the singers tell the story from off stage while the dancers perform in colorful, flamboyant costumes and heavy face makeup on the stage. I feel that Rakugo is also pretty unusual; one-person shows are not a totally new concept to me, but having to do it all while remaining seated center stage only makes it that much more impressive. In forms like these, there is a lot more of an emphasis on the subtle movements the actors can pull off, things that are much more difficult to appreciate in, say, your standard Broadway show. 

There are also traditions that toe the life between dance performances and theater, such as the Korean mask dances. The thing that makes this theater, and the underlying connection between all these traditions, is that there is some kind of story that the performers are trying to tell, whether it be comedic or dramatic, more abstract or more direct. The cool thing about examining these theater traditions from all over the world is that it shows how different cultures share their stories, and what kind of stories they feel are worth telling. 

Wednesday, January 10, 2018

World Theater Traditions - Starting Reserach

From Monday
1. Rakugo “sit down” theatre (Japan)
A. Source: https://www.nippon.com/en/features/jg00045/
B. One actor in a kimono sitting in the middle of the stage with limited props; does all characters
C. Practiced since the Edo period (1603–1868) and is still popular today (there’s even an anime about it)
D. Usually comedic or lighthearted family drama
E. Vocabulary terms
a. rakugoka = the performer (professional)
b. ochi/raku = the punchline of the performance
c. neta = material (script)
F. Video: https://youtu.be/ybUa1JoGTUQ
2. Medieval mystery plays (England, France, Germany)
A. Source: https://www.britannica.com/art/mystery-play
B. Bible stories
C. Started out as performances on church grounds by churchmen in Latin
D. Guilds started popping up in the 13th century that brought them to the general public
E. Performed on pageant wagons in England (with dressing room)
F. Proper stages in France and Italy with hell on one side, heaven in the other, and earth in between
G. Stories changed after multiple retellings and satire was added in
H. Faded out at the end of the 16th century
a. Church no longer supported them because they weren’t accurate
b. People were more interested in plays by traveling companies from Italy
c. Renaissance scholars thought they were trash
I. Video: https://youtu.be/fMAFgSnDlRY
3. Khayal al-zill shadow puppets (Egypt)
A. Source: http://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/199902/shadows.of.fancy.htm
B. Khayal al-zill means “"shadows of the imagination" or "shadows of fancy”
C. Started as early as the founding of Cairo in the 10th century
D. Popularity peaked in the 13th and 14th centuries; performed throughout the Nile Delta
E. Big part of the holy month of Ramadan
F. More allegorical stories with Islamic roots
G. Told in parts over multiple nights to keep people coming back
H. Portable stages made from wood and canvas
I. Foot-tall shadow figures made from stiff, thin-stretched translucent camel-hide
J. Mounted on wooden rods that let you manipulate the limbs
K. Video: https://youtu.be/7EfGjd5iC-A

For homework:
1. Kyogen video (https://youtu.be/oKfriCzdjSg)
A. Clear, exaggerated movements
B. Loud voices, use of verbal sound effects
C. Physical/visual comedy
D. Limited set and props
2. Talchum dance (https://youtu.be/5cgO53tMBmI)
A. Large ensemble wearing bright red masks
B. Loud music; percussion particularly stands out (to help dancers keep the rhythm)
C. Colorful outfits with super long sleeves (like holding a ribbon)
D. Shout-singing
3. Kathakali (https://youtu.be/E1c37mFAKG0)
A. Separate singer and actor (like Julie Taymor’s Oedipus Rex...)
B. Dancer is super dressed up with heavy facial makeup while the singer is basically the opposite
C. Low droning singing
D. Intense facial expressions have to tell most of the story on the actor’s part
E. Arm and hand movements are exaggerated but calculated
F. Mostly stays in the center of the stage